Cyprus Times

Five Centuries of Life Underground with Diseases, Inbreeding and Conflicts: The Unprecedented Archaeological Discovery in Spain

Published March 25, 2026, 17:08
Five Centuries of Life Underground with Diseases, Inbreeding and Conflicts: The Unprecedented Archaeological Discovery in Spain

Archaeologists in northern Spain have unearthed the human remains of an isolated medieval community that lived underground for centuries. Analysis of the bones reveals a society facing serious problems such as diseases, inbreeding and conflicts. The community, which lived between the 7th and 11th centuries, appears to have had little contact with the outside world. Genetic analysis showed high rates of inbreeding, suggesting marriages between close relatives. In addition, the bones bore trauma indicating violent conflicts within the community. DNA analysis also revealed the presence of smallpox, a deadly disease for the medieval population. Researchers believe the spread of smallpox is linked to the consumption of contaminated pork, as pigs were a primary food source for the isolated community. This discovery provides unique insights into the life and challenges faced by people who chose to live in isolation in caves for centuries. Research continues to uncover more details about the history and lifestyle of this unique community.