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China Charts 'Polar Silk Road' in the Arctic

Published February 13, 2026, 12:15
China Charts 'Polar Silk Road' in the Arctic

China is heavily investing in the development of a 'Polar Silk Road' in the Arctic, intensifying its strategic presence in the region. A central element of this strategy is the construction of a new nuclear-powered icebreaker, intended for cargo transport and tourism support, but with clear strategic and diplomatic objectives. China presents its presence in the Arctic as primarily scientific and commercial, however Western analysts point to the political and strategic nature of the program, especially in conjunction with growing cooperation with Russia. The country already has a research station in Svalbard, Norway, and has presented an Arctic strategy, characterizing itself as a 'near-Arctic state'. The main goal of China is to exploit the Northern Sea Route, which could significantly reduce transport distances to and from Europe. Recently, a container ship traveled from China to the United Kingdom via the Arctic, inaugurating a new 'regular fast transport line'. The growing Chinese presence in the Arctic is causing concern in the US and Europe, which see the region as a future arena for competition for resources and sea routes. The US has announced investments to upgrade its presence in the region, while some analysts express reservations about the possible military dimension of China's strategy.