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Sun and 'Twin' Stars Migrated from the Galactic Center

Published March 13, 2026, 17:08
Sun and 'Twin' Stars Migrated from the Galactic Center

A new scientific study, based on data from the Gaia satellite, suggests that our Sun was not always in its current position in the Galaxy. The research identified a catalog of 6,594 stars, so-called 'stellar twins,' with characteristics similar to the Sun, and found that a group of them, aged 4-6 billion years, is concentrated in a specific region of the Galaxy. This suggests that the Sun and other similar stars migrated from the center of the Galaxy, where they were likely born, to its outer parts. The current distance of the solar system from the galactic center is about 27,000 light-years, while its original distance is estimated to have been less than 20,000 light-years. This study sheds light on the evolution of the Galaxy and the formation of its central 'bar.' Scientists believe that the bar could act as a barrier to the movement of stars, but the observed massive star movement suggests that the bar may not have been fully formed at that time. The age of the stellar twins thus provides information about both the movement of stars and the formation of the galactic bar. The analysis of Gaia's data allowed researchers to create a catalog of star-twins much larger than previous studies, which strengthened the accuracy of the conclusions. The study focused on stars with similar temperature, surface gravity, and chemical composition to the Sun, allowing for an accurate estimation of their age. Future research goals include using even more precise star observations to further investigate the history of star migration and the evolution of the Galaxy. Understanding these processes is important for a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of our Galaxy.