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Instructions to the Commission from Leaders for Cheaper Pollutants in Electricity – Which Countries Support, Which Do Not

Published March 22, 2026, 07:10
Instructions to the Commission from Leaders for Cheaper Pollutants in Electricity – Which Countries Support, Which Do Not

European governments are focused on the risk of massive social pressure from continued increases in fuel and electricity prices, as oil is already up 50% from pre-war levels and natural gas is up about the same. However, the European Council Summit on Thursday followed up on discussions on critical energy issues that predated the war and touch on goals for institutional changes. Expensive energy from conventional fuels remains a serious headache for the EU since 2022, when the Russian invasion of Ukraine took place, cheap Russian natural gas reaching European markets was dramatically reduced and the shift to American liquefied natural gas, at a significantly higher price, took place. Further undermining the competitiveness of European industry, combined with the trade war from the US, intensified the discussion for cheaper energy within the Union. The conclusions of the European Council of 19/3/26 record the leaders' call for the European Commission “to submit a proposal for a review of the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) by July 2026 at the latest, to reduce instability in carbon prices and to mitigate the impact of that instability on electricity prices”. Several EU countries are calling for a reduction in the burden of purchasing pollution rights, which “loads” the final price of electricity for households and businesses. Some countries, such as Italy and Poland, and to some extent Austria and Germany (whose industry found sticks from expensive energy) are calling for substantial changes in the way the “energy exchange” operates or even its suspension. Other countries (e.g. France and Spain) agree with partial differentiation of the way emission rights are auctioned, so that priority is given to reducing the burden on industries, but do not agree to the suspension of the emissions trading system, as they consider it an integral tool for achieving energy transition goals. For reasons related to the composition of their energy mix for electricity generation, the two major powers of the EU, Germany and France, do not currently have identical positions. Both favor maintaining the ETS, but not as it is. France – having a significant percentage of production from nuclear energy – favors the introduction of a mechanism to control prices per tonne (accepting a floor and ceiling on CO2 prices), while Germany favors more substantial changes, so that its industry can enjoy cheaper electricity. Other countries are pushing for the granting of additional free rights for pollutants, in order to support the competitiveness of their industries. The government is already…