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Erdogan's Two Undisclosed Defeats

Published January 21, 2026, 11:16
Erdogan's Two Undisclosed Defeats

Tayyip Erdogan is facing two significant, albeit undisclosed, defeats in his political agenda. The first concerns his efforts to increase the population, which have not resonated with Turkish society, with the growth rate having decreased significantly since 2002. The second relates to the anti-smoking campaign, which, after initial success, has reversed, with increased consumption, particularly among women. Social change, with the rise in women's education levels and their increased participation in the labor market, appears to be counteracting Erdogan's policies. The inability to enforce the smoking ban, despite strict implementation in certain areas, undermines the campaign's effectiveness.