Cyprus Times

Air Pollution Linked to Increased Risk of Depression

Published January 9, 2026, 17:07
Air Pollution Linked to Increased Risk of Depression

A new, large-scale study links air pollution to an increased risk of depression, particularly in older adults with pre-existing cardiovascular, metabolic, or neurological conditions. The study, based on data from nearly 23.7 million Medicare beneficiaries in the US between 2000 and 2018, showed that over 5.5 million people were diagnosed with depression during the observation period. Researchers focused on PM2.5 particles and found that each increase in exposure to these by one-quarter was associated with an approximately 7% increase in the risk of depression. PM2.5 particles are particularly dangerous because they can penetrate deep into the lungs, enter the bloodstream, and even cross the blood-brain barrier, causing inflammation and oxidative stress. These effects are more pronounced in individuals with pre-existing conditions. Depression is a significant public health concern, with 56.3 million years of life affected globally in 2021 alone. The study examined not only overall PM2.5 levels but also specific chemical constituents, assessing individual and combined exposure of participants. The findings reinforce the view that environmental factors play a role in the development of depression, adding another layer of understanding to the complexity of the disease. Overall, the research highlights the need for measures to reduce air pollution, not only to protect physical health but also to safeguard the mental well-being of the population, especially older adults and those with chronic illnesses.